Which breast lumps should be of concern?
Finding a breast lump can be one of the most alarming things for a woman. There are several things a woman and her physician can do to alleviate her anxiety, such as performing a monthly self breast exam and obtaining a mammography. Each woman should perform the examination on the same day of each month. The simplest way to perform the examination is in the shower while you wash your breast. You should look for changes in shape and size as well as irregular areas of the breast, damage, or tenderness. If a lump or irregularity is found, call your doctor. All breast lumps should be evaluated by your doctor. Your physician might use the assistance of a specialist to evaluate the breast lump.
Mammography is also important. Women over age 50 should have a mammogram yearly. For women 35 to 50 a mammogram every two years is suggested. Women under 35 usually do not require breast x-rays unless recommended by their doctors. Mammography remains the most effective method to detect early breast cancer.
Most breast lumps found in women under fifty are not cancerous. Be advised however, this can only be determined by your doctor. Some benign causes of lumps are cysts (fluid filled sacs), fibroadenomas (hard lumps), fibrocystic disease (a common proliferation of breast tissue) and breast abscess. If a cyst 
is present your doctor might choose to withdraw fluid from the cyst with a tiny needle. If the cyst returns it may be necessary to remove the cyst. Fibroadenomas cannot be removed with a needle, but they can be biopsied with a slightly larger needle or removed completely. Fibrocystic disease sometimes requires a biopsy but usually requires observation. Breast abscesses require antibiotic treatment and drainage.
Unfortunately, some lumps do represent breast cancer. However, with early diagnosis and treatment, women are able to live normal lives. The mammogram is the most important tool in finding breast cancers before they become large enough to feel. The treatment of breast cancer is complex. A biopsy is needed to confirm the diagnosis then treatment options are planned. Treatment could include removal of all or part of the breast along with tissue underneath the arm. In some instances treatment will include chemotherapy by vein or mouth either before or after surgery.
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